The pathological effect of MOG-IgG relies on the ability of antibodies to enter the CNS. MOG-IgG's target MOG expressed in oligodendrocytes, which serve as a cellular receptor, adhesion molecule, or regulator of microtubule stability. Reports of Coronavirus Disease 2019 presenting as Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM), Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disorder (MOGAD), Miller Fisher syndrome, and Guillain–Barré syndrome are critical examples of how SARS-CoV-2 may affect proper CNS function due to an aberrant immune response. Furthermore, the presence of ACE2 receptors in neurons and glial cells suggests a detrimental role of SARS-CoV-2 on CNS function. Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) neuropathogenesis is characterized by its hematogenous affinity for Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors localized to brain endothelial cells and retrograde spread via the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and olfactory nerves.
The novel coronavirus has led to a myriad of complications, including central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous system dysfunction. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive case report and the literature review that includes the clinical features, neuroimaging, CSF findings, and outcomes in COVID-19-associated Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disorder. Laboratory findings showed Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-IgG antibodies were positive in serum (1:100), suggestive of post-COVID Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disorder. Workup done in hospital showed transverse myelitis in cervical spine region and left optic neuritis. Here we presented a case of post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disorder in a 41-year-old male who presented with gait instability, urinary retention, and confusion. In addition, we also reviewed and discussed clinical features, neuroimaging, CSF findings, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19-associated Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Disorder (MOGAD) CNS inflammatory disorder. Our case explored the spectrum of autoimmune and infectious neurological complications of Coronavirus Disease 2019.
0 kommentar(er)
